ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 13281 First edition 1997-08-15 Industrial automation systems - Manufacturing Automation Programming Environment (MAPLE) Functional architecture Systemes d'automatisation industrielle-Environnement de programmation pour I'automatisation industrielle (MAPLE)-Architecture fonctionnelle ISO Reference number ISO 13281:1997(E) Copyright Intermational Organization for Standardization rovided by IHS rmitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO13281:1997(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IsO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non- governmentai, in liaison with isO, also take part in the work. isO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 13281 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 5, Architectureand communications. Annexes A to C of this International Standard are for information only. ISO1997 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56.CH-1211 Geneve 20.Switzerland Internet [email protected] X.400 c=ch; a=400net; p=iso; 0=isocs; S=central Printed in Switzerland Copyrightlteiatinal Organizatinfor Standardization ed without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 13281:1997(E) @ ISO Introduction Over the recent past, manufacturing systems have become considerably more flexible and have acquired greater functionality. The numbers and types of component devices of manufacturing systems, such as NC machines, robots, automated guided vehicles and programmable controllers, have increased. Furthermore, there is a definite trend for some of these devices to be incorporated in manufacturing cells. Manufacturing engineers are thus required to develop and update programs not only for many kinds of individual devices but also for combinations of devices and ultimately manufacturing cells. Due to this fact, the difficulty of Manufacturing programs have an intense need for a large variety of manufacturing data, including product oriented data, process oriented data, operation oriented data and management oriented data. This diversity means that manufacturing data has a much more complicated and varied schema than the usual processing data encountered in other systems, e.g., business systems. Therefore, the use and management of manufacturing databases requires a special high-level technology. MAPLE addresses the following problems that have been traditionally recognized to be within the domain of manufacturing application programming languages for automated production: Manufacturing presents a diversity of tasks with widely varying requirements and constraints. Often, addressing these tasks requires programming. Because of the diversity of requirements and constraints, a variety of manufacturing application programming languages have been found necessary. environment of development methodologies, development, debug and simulation tools, and run-time services. Because these environments are stand-alone, it is difficult to achieve convenient access to the manufacturing databases. As a result, it is only with difficulty that an application developer or designer may coordinate the use of differing manufacturing languages for the individual